The foundation-transformation in the history of the city.
teacher profile teaching materials
1. THE CITY FROM THE MIDDLE AGES TO THE RENAISSANCE: URBAN PLANNING TRANSFORMATIONS AND THEORY OF THE CITY
Cities and treatises between the 15th and 16th centuries: premises for Renaissance urban planning
The palace as a city in nuce: Urbino, Ferrara and Pienza
Rome in the fifteenth century - I
Rome in the fifteenth century - II
Rome in the first half of the sixteenth century
Rome in the second half of the sixteenth century
The urban planning of Naples and Palermo in the sixteenth century
2. ROME: THE TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE CITY BETWEEN BAROQUE MAGNIFICENCE AND NEOCLASSIC RULE
The urban planning of Baroque Rome
Rome in the eighteenth century - I
Rome in the eighteenth century - II
3. THE CULTURE OF URBAN DESIGN IN ENLIGHTENMENT EUROPE
• France: Paris from the Patte plan to the Napoleonic age
• Great Britain: London from the "Great Fire" to Nash's interventions
• Some Italian situations: Turin, Milan, Rome, Naples, Messina
• St. Petersburg and Tsarist Russia
4. THE GREAT URBAN TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE MID-NINETEENTH CENTURY AND THE BIRTH OF THE URBAN PLANNING DISCIPLINE
• Haussmann's Paris.
• Vienna and the Ring.
• Berlin and the Mietkasernen.
• Barcelona and Plan Cerdà.
• Theoretical elaborations on the city in Germany between the 19th and 20th centuries: Baumeister, Stübben, Eberstadt. The thoughts of Camillo Sitte.
5. 'ANTI-URBAN' THEORIES AND EXPERIENCES
• The problem of workers' residence from the proposals of utopian socialism to the first industrial villages.
• Howard and the Garden City. Unwin and the Garden Suburb.
• The diffusion and developments of the idea of the Garden City in Germany and Austria: Gartenstadt, Gartensiedlung, rural colonies and workers' cities from the beginning of the century to the Third Reich. Moments of the Italian story: 'garden cities' and 'new cities'.
• Soria y Mata and the linear city.
6. TRENDS IN URBAN DESIGN IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
The relationship with the historic city:
• Berlage and the Dutch affair.
• Vienna from Otto Wagner to the Höfe.
• Perret and the Le Havre case.
• The monumental city of totalitarian regimes: Rome and Berlin.
The myth of the new:
• Garnier and the Cité industrielle.
• The 'modern' metropolis. Le Corbusier and Hilberseimer.
• The rationalist Siedlungen in Weimar Germany.
• Affirmation, diffusion and crisis of the urban planning concepts of the Modern Movement: the Weissenhofsiedlung, the C.I.A.M. affair, the International Style, housing units and macrostructures, the recovery of historical memory after the Second World War.
The American city
• Notes on overseas colonies (17th century)
• Urban planning developments in the United States of America in the age of Liberalism: structure and form
• The new American frontier cities
• From the 'Park Movement' to the 'City Beautiful Movement'
• New York
• Chicago: urban developments from its birth to the '93 World's Fair. Burnham's Plan of 1909
• Washington
• San Francisco
7. THE “VERTICAL” CITY
• From nineteenth-century miradors to the symbolic skyscrapers in the urban planning of the new millennium
ID., Angela MARINO, Storia dell’urbanistica. Il Cinquecento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1982
ID., Storia dell’urbanistica. Il Seicento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1982
Paolo MICALIZZI, Roma nel XVIII secolo, Atlante storico delle città italiane, Roma 3, Edizioni Kappa, Roma 2003
Paolo SICA, Storia dell’urbanistica. Il Settecento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1981
ID, Storia dell'urbanistica. L'Ottocento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1981, voll. I-II
Italo INSOLERA, Roma Moderna, Un secolo di Storia Urbanistica 1870-1970, Einaudi, Torino 1993
Paolo SICA, Storia dell'urbanistica. Il Novecento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1981
Programme
The topics of the lessons, grouped into seven cycles, will be the following:1. THE CITY FROM THE MIDDLE AGES TO THE RENAISSANCE: URBAN PLANNING TRANSFORMATIONS AND THEORY OF THE CITY
Cities and treatises between the 15th and 16th centuries: premises for Renaissance urban planning
The palace as a city in nuce: Urbino, Ferrara and Pienza
Rome in the fifteenth century - I
Rome in the fifteenth century - II
Rome in the first half of the sixteenth century
Rome in the second half of the sixteenth century
The urban planning of Naples and Palermo in the sixteenth century
2. ROME: THE TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE CITY BETWEEN BAROQUE MAGNIFICENCE AND NEOCLASSIC RULE
The urban planning of Baroque Rome
Rome in the eighteenth century - I
Rome in the eighteenth century - II
3. THE CULTURE OF URBAN DESIGN IN ENLIGHTENMENT EUROPE
• France: Paris from the Patte plan to the Napoleonic age
• Great Britain: London from the "Great Fire" to Nash's interventions
• Some Italian situations: Turin, Milan, Rome, Naples, Messina
• St. Petersburg and Tsarist Russia
4. THE GREAT URBAN TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE MID-NINETEENTH CENTURY AND THE BIRTH OF THE URBAN PLANNING DISCIPLINE
• Haussmann's Paris.
• Vienna and the Ring.
• Berlin and the Mietkasernen.
• Barcelona and Plan Cerdà.
• Theoretical elaborations on the city in Germany between the 19th and 20th centuries: Baumeister, Stübben, Eberstadt. The thoughts of Camillo Sitte.
5. 'ANTI-URBAN' THEORIES AND EXPERIENCES
• The problem of workers' residence from the proposals of utopian socialism to the first industrial villages.
• Howard and the Garden City. Unwin and the Garden Suburb.
• The diffusion and developments of the idea of the Garden City in Germany and Austria: Gartenstadt, Gartensiedlung, rural colonies and workers' cities from the beginning of the century to the Third Reich. Moments of the Italian story: 'garden cities' and 'new cities'.
• Soria y Mata and the linear city.
6. TRENDS IN URBAN DESIGN IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
The relationship with the historic city:
• Berlage and the Dutch affair.
• Vienna from Otto Wagner to the Höfe.
• Perret and the Le Havre case.
• The monumental city of totalitarian regimes: Rome and Berlin.
The myth of the new:
• Garnier and the Cité industrielle.
• The 'modern' metropolis. Le Corbusier and Hilberseimer.
• The rationalist Siedlungen in Weimar Germany.
• Affirmation, diffusion and crisis of the urban planning concepts of the Modern Movement: the Weissenhofsiedlung, the C.I.A.M. affair, the International Style, housing units and macrostructures, the recovery of historical memory after the Second World War.
The American city
• Notes on overseas colonies (17th century)
• Urban planning developments in the United States of America in the age of Liberalism: structure and form
• The new American frontier cities
• From the 'Park Movement' to the 'City Beautiful Movement'
• New York
• Chicago: urban developments from its birth to the '93 World's Fair. Burnham's Plan of 1909
• Washington
• San Francisco
7. THE “VERTICAL” CITY
• From nineteenth-century miradors to the symbolic skyscrapers in the urban planning of the new millennium
Core Documentation
Enrico GUIDONI, La Città dal Medioevo al Rinascimento, Biblioteca di Cultura moderna, 848, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1989, pp. 215-255. ID., Angela MARINO, Storia dell’urbanistica. Il Cinquecento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1982
ID., Storia dell’urbanistica. Il Seicento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1982
Paolo MICALIZZI, Roma nel XVIII secolo, Atlante storico delle città italiane, Roma 3, Edizioni Kappa, Roma 2003
Paolo SICA, Storia dell’urbanistica. Il Settecento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1981
ID, Storia dell'urbanistica. L'Ottocento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1981, voll. I-II
Italo INSOLERA, Roma Moderna, Un secolo di Storia Urbanistica 1870-1970, Einaudi, Torino 1993
Paolo SICA, Storia dell'urbanistica. Il Novecento, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1981
Reference Bibliography
For further information: Enrico GUIDONI, L’arte di progettare le città. Italia e Mediterraneo dal Medioevo al Settecento, Università/strumenti, Edizioni Kappa, Roma 1992 Paolo SICA, Antologia di urbanistica. Dal Settecento a oggi, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1981 Benedetto GRAVAGNUOLO, La progettazione urbana in Europa. 1750-1960. Storia e teorie, Laterza, Roma-Bari, 1997 Giorgio SIMONCINI, La città nell'età dell'Illuminismo. Le capitali italiane, Firenze, Olschki, 1996 Giovanna CURCIO, La città del Settecento, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2008 Guido ZUCCONI, La città dell’Ottocento, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2001 Bernardo SECCHI, La città del ventesimo secolo, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2005 Lorenzo SPAGNOLI, Storia dell’urbanistica moderna. 1. Dal Rinascimento all’età delle Rivoluzioni (1400-1815), capp. 8-13, Bologna, Zanichelli, 2008 For the methodology of the exercise we recommend consulting: Federica ANGELUCCI, La Spina dei Borghi (1848-1930). Trasformazioni e restauri attraverso i fondi dell’Archivio Storico Capitolino, Steinhauser-Verlag, Wuppertal 2017 Federica ANGELUCCI, Antonio PUGLIANO, Vincenzo LACOLLA, “Pro ornatu civitatis et plateae Agonis”. L’apertura di Via Agonale e la fabbrica di Palazzo Altemps dal XVI secolo al Novecento. Atti del Convegno internazionale “Le strade con fondale. La progettazione coordinata di strade e architetture tra medioevo e Novecento”, a cura di Marco Cadinu, Cagliari, Aula Magna di Architettura “Gaetano Cima”, via Corte d’Appello, 87, (15-17 giugno 2022), in “Storia dell’Urbanistica”, n.14/2022. Annuario nazionale di Storia della città e del territorio, Caracol, Palermo 2023, pp. 196-215, figg. 1-13.Type of delivery of the course
The teaching activity will be divided into two sections: The first cycle of lessons will be dedicated to the discussion of historical-urban planning issues in their general aspects. Individual case studies that are considered exemplary in relation to the evolution of the design models for the foundation and transformation of urban space in the period examined will be taken into consideration and explored in depth. A particular space will be dedicated, in this framework, to the urban transformations of Rome, from the Renaissance to the eighteenth century. In the second cycle of lessons we intend to present the historical evolution of urban planning in Western Europe from the mid-18th century until the Second World War, i.e. from the first planning instances of the Enlightenment culture up to the birth and first developments of modern urban planning to conclude with some models of contemporary urban transformations. The aim is also to be able to provide certain skills necessary to recognize in the extreme formal complexity of large contemporary cities the more or less evident guidelines of the different design intentions which, following one another over the last two centuries, have historically contributed to determining their current configuration; in this regard, all those planning and urban design characteristics that are in continuity or in contrast to the pre-existing layout, the cultural choices, the political-economic conflicts, the differences between the initial idea and concrete realization will be highlighted. The course will deal with the most important aspects and episodes of theoretical reflection and concrete work on the city between 1750 and the immediate post-war period, in particular dealing with some large European capitals (Paris, London, Vienna, Berlin, Barcelona, Amsterdam ) and some smaller and newly founded cities. Special attention will be paid to the problem of the historical origins of urban planning, understood as a scientific discipline and aimed at the organization of urban space according to the needs of industrial society in its subsequent historical phases. In light of this definition, the relationship between urban planning and city design will be discussed. An exercise will be carried out within the course, dedicated to the operational experimentation of the criteria for reading and interpreting historical traces and their evolution. The exercise will normally concern road layouts with their related fabric, with particular attention to Roman tree-lined avenues. In choosing the themes it will be possible, however, to connect the research with other teaching experiences, taking into account the eminently methodological nature of the exercises. Specific indications will be provided regarding the knowledge and use of documentary sources for the history of the city and the territory, in order to make the essential tools available to students for a first approach to historical research.Type of evaluation
The exam, which will take place through an oral test, will aim to verify the level of knowledge of the works and topics covered during the course and the results of the research work carried out.