THE COURSE LEVEL APPLICATION, THE PURPOSE OF TEACHING THINKING OF ECONOMISTS. YOU PROVIDE THE NECESSARY TOOLS TO UNDERSTAND, AND INTERPRET CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE MAJOR ECONOMIC PHENOMENA AND THEORIES EXPLAIN THEM. PRESENTS THE COURSE IS THE MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS IS microeconomic analysis. PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO RECEIVE THE LATTER IS THE SIGNIFICANCE IN THE FIELD OF LAW.
Canali
teacher profile teaching materials
• Demand and Supply: The demand curve; the supply curve; market equilibrium; consumer surplus and producer surplus; price and quantity controls; elasticity and taxation.
• Decision-making processes of individuals and firms: Factors behind the demand curve, preferences, prices, and income; factors behind the supply curve, inputs, and production costs.
• Market structures: Perfect competition; monopoly; oligopoly; monopolistic competition.
• Other market failures: Externalities and public goods.
• Introduction to Macroeconomics: National accounting; unemployment; inflation.
• Economic growth: The Solow model.
• Aggregate demand and supply: The AD-AS model.
• Fiscal policy.
• Monetary policy.
• International Economics: Comparative advantage; international trade; trade policies.
References in the textbook: Chapters 1-20, excluding Chapter 11 (print edition), with the addition of the Appendix "Consumer Theory" (ebook edition).
Programme
• Introduction to Economics: Graphs in Economics; trade-offs and exchanges.• Demand and Supply: The demand curve; the supply curve; market equilibrium; consumer surplus and producer surplus; price and quantity controls; elasticity and taxation.
• Decision-making processes of individuals and firms: Factors behind the demand curve, preferences, prices, and income; factors behind the supply curve, inputs, and production costs.
• Market structures: Perfect competition; monopoly; oligopoly; monopolistic competition.
• Other market failures: Externalities and public goods.
• Introduction to Macroeconomics: National accounting; unemployment; inflation.
• Economic growth: The Solow model.
• Aggregate demand and supply: The AD-AS model.
• Fiscal policy.
• Monetary policy.
• International Economics: Comparative advantage; international trade; trade policies.
Prerequisiti
There are no specific academic prerequisites for taking the Economics exam.Core Documentation
Krugman, Paul R., and Robin Wells, The Essentials of Economics, Bologna, Zanichelli editore, 2025, 4th Ed.References in the textbook: Chapters 1-20, excluding Chapter 11 (print edition), with the addition of the Appendix "Consumer Theory" (ebook edition).
Attendance
In order to sit the mid-term and the end-of-term exams, attendance at lectures and practical sessions is required. Attendance at lectures will be monitored via the Gomp app (Student Portal). To be considered an attending student, students must attend at least two-thirds of the lectures and tutorials.Type of evaluation
The exam consists of a written and an oral examination. The written exam can be taken in two different formats a) Format comprising two mid-term tests, I and II (reserved for attending students) I. Mid-term test (Part I) The first partial exam takes place halfway through the course. Further details on the content of the exam will be provided in class. The exam consists of 10 multiple-choice questions, 2 true-or-false questions requiring an explanation of the answer, and 2 exercises. II. End-of-term exam (Part II) The second partial exam takes place at the end of the course. Further details regarding the content of the exam will be provided in class. The exam consists of 10 multiple-choice questions, 2 true-or-false questions requiring an explanation of the answer, and 2 exercises. The mark for the written examination, which is conducted in two parts, is equal to the arithmetic mean of the marks for the two parts. Only those who have obtained a mark of at least 16 in the first part may sit the second part. Each part is considered a fail if the mark is below 16. Please, note that the attendance at lectures will be monitored via the Gomp app (Student Portal). To be considered an attending student, students must attend at least two-thirds of the lectures and tutorials. b) Format with a full exam The exam consists of 10 multiple-choice questions, 2 true-or-false questions requiring an explanation of the answer, and 2 exercises. Please, note that during the regular exam sessions, students may only sit the full exam. 1. Multiple-choice questions offer four possible answers, only one of which is correct. Each correct answer is worth 1 mark, each incorrect answer is worth -0.25 marks, and each unanswered question is worth 0 marks. 2. True-or-false questions must be accompanied by a brief explanation. A simple answer such as ‘true’ or ‘false’ will be treated as not answered. A correctly justified answer is worth a maximum of 2.5 marks. There are no penalty marks for incorrect answers. Unanswered questions are worth 0 marks. 3. The exercises are each structured in three parts. Each part, if completed fully and correctly, is worth a maximum of 2.5 marks. The oral exam consists of a short interview and is 1. compulsory for those who have achieved a mark of 16 or 17 in the written examination (regardless of the format); 2. optional for those who have achieved a mark in the written examination (regardless of the format) of 18 or above; 3. not available to those who have achieved a mark in the written examination (regardless of the format) of less than 16. The oral examination may award a maximum of two points more or less than the mark achieved in the written examination. teacher profile teaching materials
MICROECONOMICS
ECONOMICS AS THE STUDY OF DECISIONS IN THE PRESENCE OF SCARCITY
MARKET DEMAND AND SUPPLY, EQUILIBRIUM PRICE
CONSUMER DECISION MAKING, MARGINAL UTILITY MAXIMIZATION, INDIVIDUAL AND MARKET DEMAND FUNCTION
PRODUCTION IN THE SHORT AND IN THE LONG RUN, PRODUCTION COSTS
PROFIT MAXIMIZATION, MARGINAL EQUALITY BETWEEN COSTS AND REVENUES
PERFECT COMPETITION, PRODUCTION SUPPLY BY A FIRM, FIRM AND MARKET SUPPLY FUNCTION, MARKET EQUILIBRIUM IN THE SHORT AND IN THE LONG RUN
MONOPOLY AND IMPERFECT COMPETITION
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND EQUITY. THE ECONOMIC ROLE OF STATE, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, PUBLIC GOODS, EXTERNALITIES
ECONOMIC THEORY OF PROPERTY LAW. THEOREM OF COASE
MACROECONOMICS
THE SUBJECT AND METHODOLOGY OF MACROECONOMICS, AGGREGATION
GDP DEFINITION: THREE APPROACHES
AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS, CONSUMPTION FUNCTION, EQUILIBRIUM GDP, EXPENDITURE MULTIPLIER
MONEY, CENTRAL BANK, MONEY MARKET, THE MONETARY POLICY REACTIONS TO FINANCIAL AND REAL SHOCKS
IS-LM MODEL. AGGREGATE DEMAND AND SUPPLY. THE SHORT-RUN EQUILIBRIUM OF PRICES AND OUTPUT. THE LONG-RUN ADJUSTMENT TO DEMAND AND SUPPLY SHOCKS. THE AGGREGATE SUPPLY SCHEDULE IN THE LONG-RUN
ECONOMIC GROWTH, THE ACCUMULATION OF PRODUCTIVE FACTORS, TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS
EXCHANGE RATE AND FOREIGN TRADE.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
THE PART OF THE COURSE ON ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LAW IS NOT INCLUDED IN THE SYLLABUS OF THE STUDENTS ENROLLED IN SCIENZE DEI SERVIZI GIURIDICI, WHOSE ECONOMICS COURSE SHOULD CONSIST OF 9 CFU
David Begg, Gianluigi Vernasca, Stanley Fischer, Rudiger Dornbusch, Economia. Sesta edizione; Collana Create; McGraw-Hill Education; 2020. ISBN 978-13-075-3407-8.
THE PART OF THE COURSE ON THE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LAW WILL DRAW ON A SELECTION OF CHAPTERS FROM:
ROBERT COOTER, UGO MATTEI, PIER GIUSEPPE MONATERI, ROBERTO PARDOLESI, THOMAS ULEN, IL MERCATO DELLE REGOLE. ANALISI ECONOMICA DEL DIRITTO CIVILE. I. FONDAMENTI, SECONDA EDIZIONE; BOLOGNA: IL MULINO; 2006.
The slides presented during classes, a detailed syllabus, the past exam sheets are uploaded on the learning platform of department, called E-learning. Please, find the link on the department site.
Programme
THE COURSE CONSISTS OF TWO PARTSMICROECONOMICS
ECONOMICS AS THE STUDY OF DECISIONS IN THE PRESENCE OF SCARCITY
MARKET DEMAND AND SUPPLY, EQUILIBRIUM PRICE
CONSUMER DECISION MAKING, MARGINAL UTILITY MAXIMIZATION, INDIVIDUAL AND MARKET DEMAND FUNCTION
PRODUCTION IN THE SHORT AND IN THE LONG RUN, PRODUCTION COSTS
PROFIT MAXIMIZATION, MARGINAL EQUALITY BETWEEN COSTS AND REVENUES
PERFECT COMPETITION, PRODUCTION SUPPLY BY A FIRM, FIRM AND MARKET SUPPLY FUNCTION, MARKET EQUILIBRIUM IN THE SHORT AND IN THE LONG RUN
MONOPOLY AND IMPERFECT COMPETITION
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND EQUITY. THE ECONOMIC ROLE OF STATE, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, PUBLIC GOODS, EXTERNALITIES
ECONOMIC THEORY OF PROPERTY LAW. THEOREM OF COASE
MACROECONOMICS
THE SUBJECT AND METHODOLOGY OF MACROECONOMICS, AGGREGATION
GDP DEFINITION: THREE APPROACHES
AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS, CONSUMPTION FUNCTION, EQUILIBRIUM GDP, EXPENDITURE MULTIPLIER
MONEY, CENTRAL BANK, MONEY MARKET, THE MONETARY POLICY REACTIONS TO FINANCIAL AND REAL SHOCKS
IS-LM MODEL. AGGREGATE DEMAND AND SUPPLY. THE SHORT-RUN EQUILIBRIUM OF PRICES AND OUTPUT. THE LONG-RUN ADJUSTMENT TO DEMAND AND SUPPLY SHOCKS. THE AGGREGATE SUPPLY SCHEDULE IN THE LONG-RUN
ECONOMIC GROWTH, THE ACCUMULATION OF PRODUCTIVE FACTORS, TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS
EXCHANGE RATE AND FOREIGN TRADE.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
THE PART OF THE COURSE ON ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LAW IS NOT INCLUDED IN THE SYLLABUS OF THE STUDENTS ENROLLED IN SCIENZE DEI SERVIZI GIURIDICI, WHOSE ECONOMICS COURSE SHOULD CONSIST OF 9 CFU
Core Documentation
THE TEXTBOOK IS:David Begg, Gianluigi Vernasca, Stanley Fischer, Rudiger Dornbusch, Economia. Sesta edizione; Collana Create; McGraw-Hill Education; 2020. ISBN 978-13-075-3407-8.
THE PART OF THE COURSE ON THE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LAW WILL DRAW ON A SELECTION OF CHAPTERS FROM:
ROBERT COOTER, UGO MATTEI, PIER GIUSEPPE MONATERI, ROBERTO PARDOLESI, THOMAS ULEN, IL MERCATO DELLE REGOLE. ANALISI ECONOMICA DEL DIRITTO CIVILE. I. FONDAMENTI, SECONDA EDIZIONE; BOLOGNA: IL MULINO; 2006.
The slides presented during classes, a detailed syllabus, the past exam sheets are uploaded on the learning platform of department, called E-learning. Please, find the link on the department site.
Type of evaluation
Written and Oral Exam teacher profile teaching materials
Demand and supply: the demand curve; the supply curve; equilibrium between demand and supply; consumer surplus and producer surplus; price and quantity controls; elasticity and taxation.
Decision-making by individuals and firms: behind the demand curve, preferences, prices, and income; behind the supply curve, factors of production and production costs.
Market structures: perfect competition; monopoly; oligopoly; monopolistic competition.
Other market failures: externalities and public goods.
Introduction to macroeconomics: national accounting; unemployment; inflation.
Economic growth: the Solow model.
Aggregate demand and supply: the AD–AS model.
Fiscal policy.
Monetary policy.
International Economics (for students of the Degree Programme in “Law” only): comparative advantage; international trade; trade policies.
What we will cover: Chapters 1-20, excluding Chapter 11 (of the paper edition), plus the Appendix “La teoria del consumatore” (available in the Ebook version).
Programme
Introduction: graphs in economics; trade-offs and exchange.Demand and supply: the demand curve; the supply curve; equilibrium between demand and supply; consumer surplus and producer surplus; price and quantity controls; elasticity and taxation.
Decision-making by individuals and firms: behind the demand curve, preferences, prices, and income; behind the supply curve, factors of production and production costs.
Market structures: perfect competition; monopoly; oligopoly; monopolistic competition.
Other market failures: externalities and public goods.
Introduction to macroeconomics: national accounting; unemployment; inflation.
Economic growth: the Solow model.
Aggregate demand and supply: the AD–AS model.
Fiscal policy.
Monetary policy.
International Economics (for students of the Degree Programme in “Law” only): comparative advantage; international trade; trade policies.
Prerequisiti
None.Core Documentation
Krugman, Paul R., e Robin Wells, L’essenziale di Economia, Bologna, Zanichelli editore, 2025, 4ª Ed.What we will cover: Chapters 1-20, excluding Chapter 11 (of the paper edition), plus the Appendix “La teoria del consumatore” (available in the Ebook version).
Attendance
Attendance (non-mandatory) is in person.Type of evaluation
The exam consists of a written test and an oral exam. The written test can be taken in two different ways: a) Examination format with two midterm tests I and II (reserved for attending students) I. Midterm test The first midterm test takes place halfway through the course.¹ Further details on the content of the test will be provided during lectures. The test consists of 10 multiple-choice questions, 2 true/false questions requiring justification, and 2 exercises. II. End-of-course test The second midterm test takes place at the end of the course.² Further details on the content of the test will be provided during lectures. The test consists of 10 multiple-choice questions, 2 true/false questions requiring justification, and 2 exercises. NB: The grade for the written exam taken under the two-midterm format is the arithmetic average of the grades obtained in the two midterm tests. Only students who obtain a grade of at least 16 in the first midterm test may sit the second midterm test. b) Examination format with a single comprehensive test The comprehensive test takes place during the regular exam sessions and covers the entire syllabus. The test consists of 10 multiple-choice questions, 2 true/false questions requiring justification, and 2 exercises. NB: During regular exam sessions, only the comprehensive exam may be taken. The oral exam consists of a short interview and is: a) Mandatory for students who obtained a written-exam grade (regardless of the format) between 16 and 19 inclusive; b) Optional for students who obtained a written-exam grade (regardless of the format) higher than 19; c) Not permitted for students who obtained a written-exam grade (regardless of the format) lower than 16.