The aim of the class is to gain knowledge of the different levels of materials structures (atomic, crystalline, nanometric, microscopic and mesoscopic) and of the deviations from the structural perfection (defects). Knowledge of the effects of nano- and microstructure on mechanical properties of materials. Knowledge of the scientific basis for the development of micro and nanostructure. Knowledge of the relationships between nano- and microstructure, process, properties and performances of the different materials, with particular attention to metals: steels, cast irons, light alloys and high temperature alloys. The fundamental concepts needed to correlate the properties of materials to their nature, production and forming processes will be discussed, as well as notions on the classification and application problems.
teacher profile teaching materials
- Historical references, evolution of materials, a look inside them and a nod to transformations
- Properties and performance of the components
Basic properties and elastic behavior
- Intrinsic properties
- Extrinsic properties
- Mechanical stress systems: rigid body, deformable body, mechanical continuum; linear elasticity, Hooke's law, elastic behavior of the isotropic solid
Composition and structure of matter at different dimensional scales - Composition: molecule, chemical bond; ionic materials, molecular materials - Thermodynamic origin of elasticity - Structures: amorphous and crystalline, Bravais lattices and Miller indexes - Defects in crystalline solids: point, line and surface lattices
Mechanical behavior of materials
- Influence of T and t on mechanical behavior as a function of the nature of the material
- Static tensile stresses at low T: stress-strain curve (elastic field, plastic field, critical points)
- Mechanical properties: ductility, hardness, fragility, resilience and toughness (property measurement techniques)
- Fracture mechanics: Griffith energy theory, stress intensification factor, fracture toughness
- Dynamic solicitations: fatigue, Wohler curve, Paris-Erdogan law
Mono and multi-phase systems
- Systems thermodynamics: Thermodynamics of condensed states, basic concepts, first principle, second principle, equilibrium conditions, non-equilibrium states, I and II together, characteristic state functions
- solid state solubility: cooling curves of one-component systems, aggregation state, Hume-Rothery rules, solid solutions, phase
- dependence of solubility on composition, temperature and pressure: Gibbs rule and leverage, Gibbs energy, Gibbs curves, phase equilibria in binary systems
- phase transformation in the solid state: diffusion mechanisms, activation energy and Fick laws
- solidification kinetics and microstructures: nucleation and growth, main thermodynamic transformations, microstructures
Introduction to the main classes of metallic materials
- Iron-based alloys: classification of steels and cast irons, main phase diagrams, classification of specific heat treatments
Introduction to the main classes of non-metallic materials
- Polymeric matrix polymers and composites: properties, processes, applications
- Concrete
- Wood
Laboratory activities and exercises
slides of the course in pdf format will be delivred to the students via moodle.
Programme
Introduction to the world of materials- Historical references, evolution of materials, a look inside them and a nod to transformations
- Properties and performance of the components
Basic properties and elastic behavior
- Intrinsic properties
- Extrinsic properties
- Mechanical stress systems: rigid body, deformable body, mechanical continuum; linear elasticity, Hooke's law, elastic behavior of the isotropic solid
Composition and structure of matter at different dimensional scales - Composition: molecule, chemical bond; ionic materials, molecular materials - Thermodynamic origin of elasticity - Structures: amorphous and crystalline, Bravais lattices and Miller indexes - Defects in crystalline solids: point, line and surface lattices
Mechanical behavior of materials
- Influence of T and t on mechanical behavior as a function of the nature of the material
- Static tensile stresses at low T: stress-strain curve (elastic field, plastic field, critical points)
- Mechanical properties: ductility, hardness, fragility, resilience and toughness (property measurement techniques)
- Fracture mechanics: Griffith energy theory, stress intensification factor, fracture toughness
- Dynamic solicitations: fatigue, Wohler curve, Paris-Erdogan law
Mono and multi-phase systems
- Systems thermodynamics: Thermodynamics of condensed states, basic concepts, first principle, second principle, equilibrium conditions, non-equilibrium states, I and II together, characteristic state functions
- solid state solubility: cooling curves of one-component systems, aggregation state, Hume-Rothery rules, solid solutions, phase
- dependence of solubility on composition, temperature and pressure: Gibbs rule and leverage, Gibbs energy, Gibbs curves, phase equilibria in binary systems
- phase transformation in the solid state: diffusion mechanisms, activation energy and Fick laws
- solidification kinetics and microstructures: nucleation and growth, main thermodynamic transformations, microstructures
Introduction to the main classes of metallic materials
- Iron-based alloys: classification of steels and cast irons, main phase diagrams, classification of specific heat treatments
Introduction to the main classes of non-metallic materials
- Polymeric matrix polymers and composites: properties, processes, applications
- Concrete
- Wood
Laboratory activities and exercises
Core Documentation
W.D. Callister, Scienza e Ingegneria dei Materialislides of the course in pdf format will be delivred to the students via moodle.
Type of delivery of the course
The course will be delivered via lectures in class which will cover theoretical as well as exercises. The students will also be able to attend optionally some laboratory activities which will be arranged during the course on the base of the number of interested students. A few lessons will be delivered asyncronally with pre-recorded lectures which will be distributed to students. Remote teaching will only be considered in the case of pandemic restrictions in agreement with the University regulations. One day a week students will be allowed to meet the professor for doubts or discussions. At the beginning of the course the professor will tell the schedule of such meetings which will be carried out remotely via Teams.Type of evaluation
The exam will be delivred via a written/oral exam either with esoneri during the course or at the end of the course in a regular exam date. The esoneri will be available only for students that follow the course. The exam is the same in oral or written form and will be related to any topic (theoretical or exercises) that has been presented during the course.