THE AIM OF THE COURSE IS TO PROVIDE STUDENTS WITH GENERAL CRITERIA AND METHODS TO CARRY OUT THE ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS AND OF FLUID MACHINES. AFTER THE COURSE THE STUDENT SHOULD HAVE AN UP-TO-DATE PICTURE OF THE MOST RELEVANT SOLUTIONS TO PRODUCE MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL POWER. HE/SHE WILL ACQUIRE THE TOOLS THAT WOULD ENABLE HIM/HER TO SET UP THE ANALYSIS OF THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES AND EVALUATE THEIR PERFORMANCE IN TERMS OF EFFICIENCY AND POWER. THE STUDENT WILL KNOW THE MOST RELEVANT TYPOLOGY OF MACHINES, THEIR FIELD OF APPLICATION, THE FACTORS AFFECTING PERFOMANCE (I. E. MECHANICAL AND THERMAL STRESSES, CAVITATION, COMPRESSIBILIY EFFECTS). MOREOVER THE STUDENT WILL ACQUIRE THE TOOLS THAT WOULD ENABLE HIM/HER TO EVALUATE MACHINE PERFORMANCE IN TERMS OF MASS FLOW, ENTHALPY RISE (OR DROP), EFFICIENCY AND POWER
teacher profile teaching materials
Classification and characterisation of fluid machines. Principles underlying volumetric machines and turbomachines. Performance of a fluid machine. Models to study fluid machines.
Positive displacement machines (pumps and compressors): indicator diagrams, influence of the inertia of the working fluid on performance, power consumption and efficiency, off-design performance and control. .
Turbomachines: flow through stationary and moving ducts, Euler equation and energy equation, velocity vector triangles, degree of reaction.
Hydraulic turbines: power and efficiency, main kinds of turbines.
Turbines for compressible flow: impulse and reaction axial stages, blade efficiency and stage efficiency. Power limits of a turbine. Off-design performance and control.
Work absorbing turbomachines (pumps and compressors): characteristic curves, application of similarity laws, cavitation problems, joint performance of machine and fluid supply system.
Thermal power plants. Combustion and fuels. Plant efficiency.
Steam power plants: Hirn’s cycle, effect of steam parameters on cycle performance, regenerative heating of feed-water. Plant based on Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
Gas Turbine plants: thermodynamic cycle analysis, regenerative heating, state of-the-art and future trends.
Gas-steam combined plants: thermodynamic cycle analysis, plant performance.
CHP plants: performance indexes, analysis of most common cogenerative plant typologies. .
Refrigeration plants: reference thermodynamic cycles, heat pumps.
CAPUTO C., “Gli impianti convertitori di energia”, ed. Masson, Milano, 1997,
CAPUTO C., “Le turbomacchine”, ed. Masson, Milano, 1994;
CAPUTO C., “Le macchine volumetriche”, ed. Masson, Milano, 1997.
Programme
Classification and characterisation of fluid machines. Principles underlying volumetric machines and turbomachines. Performance of a fluid machine. Models to study fluid machines.
Positive displacement machines (pumps and compressors): indicator diagrams, influence of the inertia of the working fluid on performance, power consumption and efficiency, off-design performance and control. .
Turbomachines: flow through stationary and moving ducts, Euler equation and energy equation, velocity vector triangles, degree of reaction.
Hydraulic turbines: power and efficiency, main kinds of turbines.
Turbines for compressible flow: impulse and reaction axial stages, blade efficiency and stage efficiency. Power limits of a turbine. Off-design performance and control.
Work absorbing turbomachines (pumps and compressors): characteristic curves, application of similarity laws, cavitation problems, joint performance of machine and fluid supply system.
Thermal power plants. Combustion and fuels. Plant efficiency.
Steam power plants: Hirn’s cycle, effect of steam parameters on cycle performance, regenerative heating of feed-water. Plant based on Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
Gas Turbine plants: thermodynamic cycle analysis, regenerative heating, state of-the-art and future trends.
Gas-steam combined plants: thermodynamic cycle analysis, plant performance.
CHP plants: performance indexes, analysis of most common cogenerative plant typologies. .
Refrigeration plants: reference thermodynamic cycles, heat pumps.
Core Documentation
Reference texts:CAPUTO C., “Gli impianti convertitori di energia”, ed. Masson, Milano, 1997,
CAPUTO C., “Le turbomacchine”, ed. Masson, Milano, 1994;
CAPUTO C., “Le macchine volumetriche”, ed. Masson, Milano, 1997.
Reference Bibliography
BECCARI A., CAPUTO C., “Motori termici volumetrici”, ed. UTET, Torino, 1987; LOZZA G., “Turbine a gas e cicli combinati”, Soc. Editrice Esculapio, Bologna, 1996; DIXON S. L., “Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery”, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1982; COHEN H., ROGERS G. F. C., SARAVANAMUTTOO H. I. H., “Gas Turbine Theory”, Lomgman Group Ltd, Padstow, 1996;Type of delivery of the course
Face to face classes. Exercises referring to relevant applications will be assigned. Exercises referring to relevant applications will be given. The exercises should be presented in form of technical report. Exercises shall be discussed during the oral exam.Type of evaluation
Oral examination. The exercises assigned during the course will be discussed in the oral test.