The course provides students with the basic knowledge of light generation, detection and propagation in free space and through guiding media. Starting from the fundamentals of geometrical, paraxial and quantum optics, the main features of passive and active photonic devices are analysed; such as spectrometers, interferometers, optical fibers, lasers, LED, photodetectors,… evidencing for each of them the performances and critical issues.
teacher profile teaching materials
Maxwell's equations; Helmholtz’s equation; constitutive equations; spherical and plane waves; reflection and refraction laws; total internal reflection; Fresnel coefficients; etalon; Fabry Perot interferometer; interference between two or more waves; diffractive gratings; thin lens; spherical mirrors; image formation.
• Guided wave optics
Planar waveguides: dispersion equation; optical modes; coupled waveguides. Optical fibers: modes in a step-index fiber; multimode fibers; chromatic dispersion; non-linear effects: SPM, XPM, FWM, Raman scattering; WDM; design guidelines.
• Photonic Integrated circuits
Planar lightwave circuit (PLC) devices: power splitters; directional couplers; Mach Zehnder interferometer; optical filters; wavelength multiplexers; MMI coupler, Bragg grating,
• Wave optics
Plane wave expansion; angular spectrum representation; Rayleigh-Sommerfeld equation; Fresnel and the Fraunhofer approximation; diffraction from a rectangular and a circular aperture; paraxial wave equation; Gaussian beams; optical resonators; effect of a lens on a Gaussian beam; effect of a lens on the field propagation; optical resolution.
• Imaging and spectroscopy
Image formation with coherent and incoherent illumination; resolving power; numerical aperture; cameras; microscopes; optical spectrometer; blazed gratings; Fourier spectroscopy.
• Polarization and optical anisotropy
Polarization states; Jones calculus; Stokes parameters; Poincarè sphere; anisotropic crystals; half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate; liquid crystals.
• Laser and LED
Einstein equations; absorption and emission in a semiconductor; optical density of the states; LED, OLED; semiconductor lasers; rate equations; FP and DFB lasers.
• Optical Receivers
PIN and avalanche photodiodes; noise; bit error rate (BER); Q parameter; eye diagram; sensitivity; quantum limit of photodetection.
Dispense fornite dal docente
Programme
• Reflection and interference phenomenaMaxwell's equations; Helmholtz’s equation; constitutive equations; spherical and plane waves; reflection and refraction laws; total internal reflection; Fresnel coefficients; etalon; Fabry Perot interferometer; interference between two or more waves; diffractive gratings; thin lens; spherical mirrors; image formation.
• Guided wave optics
Planar waveguides: dispersion equation; optical modes; coupled waveguides. Optical fibers: modes in a step-index fiber; multimode fibers; chromatic dispersion; non-linear effects: SPM, XPM, FWM, Raman scattering; WDM; design guidelines.
• Photonic Integrated circuits
Planar lightwave circuit (PLC) devices: power splitters; directional couplers; Mach Zehnder interferometer; optical filters; wavelength multiplexers; MMI coupler, Bragg grating,
• Wave optics
Plane wave expansion; angular spectrum representation; Rayleigh-Sommerfeld equation; Fresnel and the Fraunhofer approximation; diffraction from a rectangular and a circular aperture; paraxial wave equation; Gaussian beams; optical resonators; effect of a lens on a Gaussian beam; effect of a lens on the field propagation; optical resolution.
• Imaging and spectroscopy
Image formation with coherent and incoherent illumination; resolving power; numerical aperture; cameras; microscopes; optical spectrometer; blazed gratings; Fourier spectroscopy.
• Polarization and optical anisotropy
Polarization states; Jones calculus; Stokes parameters; Poincarè sphere; anisotropic crystals; half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate; liquid crystals.
• Laser and LED
Einstein equations; absorption and emission in a semiconductor; optical density of the states; LED, OLED; semiconductor lasers; rate equations; FP and DFB lasers.
• Optical Receivers
PIN and avalanche photodiodes; noise; bit error rate (BER); Q parameter; eye diagram; sensitivity; quantum limit of photodetection.
Core Documentation
Gori - Elementi di otticaDispense fornite dal docente
Reference Bibliography
Richard S. Quimby - Photonics and lasers Eduard Sackinger - Broadband circuits for optical fiber communication Govind P. Agrawal: Fiber-optic communication systems Govind P. Agrawal - Lightwave technology Hirioshi Isikawa - Ultrafast all-optical signal processing devices Salah Obayya- Computational photonicsType of delivery of the course
Teaching lessonsAttendance
Teaching in class and simultaneously onlineType of evaluation
written test and colloquium