The course aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the physical properties of solids, with particular reference to transport mechanisms, response to electromagnetic fields, and magnetic properties. The basic electronic properties of condensed matter when confined at the nanometer scale and the related emerging quantum effects will also be analyzed.
Curriculum
teacher profile teaching materials
Review of band structure calculations in solids. Electronic band structures of III–V and group-IV semiconductors. Electronic bands and Fermi surfaces of alkali metals, noble metals, simple divalent and trivalent metals, and transition metals.
Transport Properties
Review of the Drude model. Semiclassical equations of motion. Boltzmann transport equation. Electron–phonon interaction. Relaxation-time approximation. Electrical conductivity within the relaxation-time approximation. Thermoelectric power and electronic thermal conductivity. Diffusion and drift currents. Continuity equation and generation–recombination processes in semiconductors. Recombination time and diffusion length. Non-equilibrium p–n junctions.
Optical Properties
Maxwell’s equations in solids. Complex dielectric constant and its physical meaning. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers–Kronig relations. Lorentz oscillator model. Drude theory of the optical properties of free carriers. Plasma oscillations. Classical model of the dielectric constant. Interband transitions: direct transitions. Joint density of states and critical points. Dielectric function of germanium and graphite. Indirect interband transitions. Excitonic effects. Optical-phonon absorption.
Magnetic Properties of Matter
Motion of free electrons and Bloch electrons in a magnetic field. Quantum-mechanical treatment and Landau levels.
Magnetic susceptibility. Paramagnetism and diamagnetism. Larmor diamagnetism. Origin of the atomic magnetic moment and Hund’s rules. Crystal-field effects in solids. Curie law of paramagnetism. Van Vleck and Pauli paramagnetism. Landau diamagnetism. Mean-field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie–Weiss law. Antiferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and the Heisenberg model. Microscopic interpretation of the Weiss field. Dipolar interactions and magnetic domains.
Low-Dimensional Systems
Effective-mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors. Heterojunctions and heterostructures. Electronic states and density of states in quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots. Metal–semiconductor junctions. Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG): characteristic length scales for transport in low-dimensional systems. Ballistic transport and conductance quantization in one-dimensional systems.
Quantum Hall effect. Resonant tunneling diode. Optical properties of low-dimensional systems.
Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Programme
Electronic Band Structure in SolidsReview of band structure calculations in solids. Electronic band structures of III–V and group-IV semiconductors. Electronic bands and Fermi surfaces of alkali metals, noble metals, simple divalent and trivalent metals, and transition metals.
Transport Properties
Review of the Drude model. Semiclassical equations of motion. Boltzmann transport equation. Electron–phonon interaction. Relaxation-time approximation. Electrical conductivity within the relaxation-time approximation. Thermoelectric power and electronic thermal conductivity. Diffusion and drift currents. Continuity equation and generation–recombination processes in semiconductors. Recombination time and diffusion length. Non-equilibrium p–n junctions.
Optical Properties
Maxwell’s equations in solids. Complex dielectric constant and its physical meaning. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers–Kronig relations. Lorentz oscillator model. Drude theory of the optical properties of free carriers. Plasma oscillations. Classical model of the dielectric constant. Interband transitions: direct transitions. Joint density of states and critical points. Dielectric function of germanium and graphite. Indirect interband transitions. Excitonic effects. Optical-phonon absorption.
Magnetic Properties of Matter
Motion of free electrons and Bloch electrons in a magnetic field. Quantum-mechanical treatment and Landau levels.
Magnetic susceptibility. Paramagnetism and diamagnetism. Larmor diamagnetism. Origin of the atomic magnetic moment and Hund’s rules. Crystal-field effects in solids. Curie law of paramagnetism. Van Vleck and Pauli paramagnetism. Landau diamagnetism. Mean-field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie–Weiss law. Antiferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and the Heisenberg model. Microscopic interpretation of the Weiss field. Dipolar interactions and magnetic domains.
Low-Dimensional Systems
Effective-mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors. Heterojunctions and heterostructures. Electronic states and density of states in quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots. Metal–semiconductor junctions. Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG): characteristic length scales for transport in low-dimensional systems. Ballistic transport and conductance quantization in one-dimensional systems.
Quantum Hall effect. Resonant tunneling diode. Optical properties of low-dimensional systems.
Core Documentation
Ashcroft-Mermin: "Solid State Physics"Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Type of delivery of the course
Lectures . The details of the mathematical calculations will be performed on the black-board. Some topics will be shown by projecting slides and reporting examples taken from recent scientific literature as an example.Attendance
Attendance is strongly recommended but not mandatoryType of evaluation
final oral examination. The examination consists in 2-3 questions on the topics of the course. The student should demonstrate his capability in putting the requested topic in a more general frame as well as to perform mathematical calculations teacher profile teaching materials
Electronic properties of solids
Reminds on band structure calculation methods. Band structure of III-V and IV semiconductors. Band structures and Fermi surfaces of selected metals. Effective mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors.
Transport properties
The Drude Model. Semiclassical equations of transport. Boltzmann equation. Electron phonon interaction. Relaxation time approximation. Electrical conductivity in the relaxation time approximation. Thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity. Drift and diffusion currents. Generation and recombination of electron-hole pairs in semiconductors. Continuity equation. Recombination times and diffusion length. Current voltage characteristics of the p-n junction.
Optical properties
Maxwell Equations in solids. Complex Dielectric Constant. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers Kronig Relations. Lorentz Oscillator. The Drude theory of the optical properties of metals. Optical properties of semiconductors and insulators. Direct interband transitions and critical points. Optical constants of Ge and Graphite. Absorption from impurity levels. Exciton effects. Indirect phonon-assisted transitions. Spontaneous and stimulated Emission, Photoluminescence, Electroluminesce, optical gain. Semiconductor diode laser.
Magnetic properties of matter.
Energy levels and density of states of a free electron gas in a magnetic field. Filling of Landau levels as a function of the magnetic field. Magneto-transport.
Quantum mechanical treatment of magnetic susceptibility. Pauli paramagnetism. Magnetic susceptibility of closed-shell systems. Permanent magnetic dipoles in atoms and ions with partially filled shells. Paramagnetism of localized magnetic moments. Curie law. Van Vleck paramagnetism, Pauli paramagnetism and Landau diamagnetism. Magnetic ordering in crystals. Mean field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie-Weiss law. Anti-Ferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and Heisemberg model. Microscopic origin of the coupling between localized magnetic moments. Dipolar interaction and magnetic domains.
Section 2- Program
Heterojunctions and heterostructures. 2, 1, -0 dimensional systems: electronic states and density of states. 2 dimensional electron gases. Characteristics lengths for the electrical transport in low dimensional systems. Resonant tunnel diode. Aharonov-Bohm effect. Balistic transport and conductance quantization in 1D systems. 2D gas in a magnetic field: Shuinikov-de-Haas oscillations and quantum Hall effect. Single electron tunneling and coulomb blockade effects. Single electron transistor. Semiconductor qu-bits for quantum computing (brief).
Optical properties of nanostructures: interband and intersubband transitions in quantum wells. Nanostructures for light-emitters: heterostructure LED and lasers, quantum cascade lasers (brief).
Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Programme
Section 1 ProgramElectronic properties of solids
Reminds on band structure calculation methods. Band structure of III-V and IV semiconductors. Band structures and Fermi surfaces of selected metals. Effective mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors.
Transport properties
The Drude Model. Semiclassical equations of transport. Boltzmann equation. Electron phonon interaction. Relaxation time approximation. Electrical conductivity in the relaxation time approximation. Thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity. Drift and diffusion currents. Generation and recombination of electron-hole pairs in semiconductors. Continuity equation. Recombination times and diffusion length. Current voltage characteristics of the p-n junction.
Optical properties
Maxwell Equations in solids. Complex Dielectric Constant. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers Kronig Relations. Lorentz Oscillator. The Drude theory of the optical properties of metals. Optical properties of semiconductors and insulators. Direct interband transitions and critical points. Optical constants of Ge and Graphite. Absorption from impurity levels. Exciton effects. Indirect phonon-assisted transitions. Spontaneous and stimulated Emission, Photoluminescence, Electroluminesce, optical gain. Semiconductor diode laser.
Magnetic properties of matter.
Energy levels and density of states of a free electron gas in a magnetic field. Filling of Landau levels as a function of the magnetic field. Magneto-transport.
Quantum mechanical treatment of magnetic susceptibility. Pauli paramagnetism. Magnetic susceptibility of closed-shell systems. Permanent magnetic dipoles in atoms and ions with partially filled shells. Paramagnetism of localized magnetic moments. Curie law. Van Vleck paramagnetism, Pauli paramagnetism and Landau diamagnetism. Magnetic ordering in crystals. Mean field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie-Weiss law. Anti-Ferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and Heisemberg model. Microscopic origin of the coupling between localized magnetic moments. Dipolar interaction and magnetic domains.
Section 2- Program
Heterojunctions and heterostructures. 2, 1, -0 dimensional systems: electronic states and density of states. 2 dimensional electron gases. Characteristics lengths for the electrical transport in low dimensional systems. Resonant tunnel diode. Aharonov-Bohm effect. Balistic transport and conductance quantization in 1D systems. 2D gas in a magnetic field: Shuinikov-de-Haas oscillations and quantum Hall effect. Single electron tunneling and coulomb blockade effects. Single electron transistor. Semiconductor qu-bits for quantum computing (brief).
Optical properties of nanostructures: interband and intersubband transitions in quantum wells. Nanostructures for light-emitters: heterostructure LED and lasers, quantum cascade lasers (brief).
Core Documentation
Ashcroft-Mermin: "Solid State Physics"Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Type of delivery of the course
Lectures . The details of the mathematical calculations will be performed on the black-board. Some topics will be shown by projecting slides and reporting examples taken from recent scientific literature as an example. In the case of an extension of the health emergency from COVID-19, all the provisions governing the methods of carrying out the teaching activities and students' evaluation will be implemented. In particular, the following methods are applied: “ lessons in wen seminar using the Teams platform”.Attendance
Attending classes is highly recommendedType of evaluation
final oral examination. The examination consists in 2-3 questions on the topics of the course. The student should demonstrate his capability in putting the requested topic in a more general frame as well as to perform mathematical calculations teacher profile teaching materials
Review of band structure calculations in solids. Electronic band structures of III–V and group-IV semiconductors. Electronic bands and Fermi surfaces of alkali metals, noble metals, simple divalent and trivalent metals, and transition metals.
Transport Properties
Review of the Drude model. Semiclassical equations of motion. Boltzmann transport equation. Electron–phonon interaction. Relaxation-time approximation. Electrical conductivity within the relaxation-time approximation. Thermoelectric power and electronic thermal conductivity. Diffusion and drift currents. Continuity equation and generation–recombination processes in semiconductors. Recombination time and diffusion length. Non-equilibrium p–n junctions.
Optical Properties
Maxwell’s equations in solids. Complex dielectric constant and its physical meaning. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers–Kronig relations. Lorentz oscillator model. Drude theory of the optical properties of free carriers. Plasma oscillations. Classical model of the dielectric constant. Interband transitions: direct transitions. Joint density of states and critical points. Dielectric function of germanium and graphite. Indirect interband transitions. Excitonic effects. Optical-phonon absorption.
Magnetic Properties of Matter
Motion of free electrons and Bloch electrons in a magnetic field. Quantum-mechanical treatment and Landau levels.
Magnetic susceptibility. Paramagnetism and diamagnetism. Larmor diamagnetism. Origin of the atomic magnetic moment and Hund’s rules. Crystal-field effects in solids. Curie law of paramagnetism. Van Vleck and Pauli paramagnetism. Landau diamagnetism. Mean-field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie–Weiss law. Antiferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and the Heisenberg model. Microscopic interpretation of the Weiss field. Dipolar interactions and magnetic domains.
Low-Dimensional Systems
Effective-mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors. Heterojunctions and heterostructures. Electronic states and density of states in quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots. Metal–semiconductor junctions. Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG): characteristic length scales for transport in low-dimensional systems. Ballistic transport and conductance quantization in one-dimensional systems.
Quantum Hall effect. Resonant tunneling diode. Optical properties of low-dimensional systems.
Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Mutuazione: 20410711 Fisica dei Solidi e delle Nanostrutture - MOD A in Fisica LM-17 R DE SETA MONICA, DI GASPARE LUCIANA
Programme
Electronic Band Structure in SolidsReview of band structure calculations in solids. Electronic band structures of III–V and group-IV semiconductors. Electronic bands and Fermi surfaces of alkali metals, noble metals, simple divalent and trivalent metals, and transition metals.
Transport Properties
Review of the Drude model. Semiclassical equations of motion. Boltzmann transport equation. Electron–phonon interaction. Relaxation-time approximation. Electrical conductivity within the relaxation-time approximation. Thermoelectric power and electronic thermal conductivity. Diffusion and drift currents. Continuity equation and generation–recombination processes in semiconductors. Recombination time and diffusion length. Non-equilibrium p–n junctions.
Optical Properties
Maxwell’s equations in solids. Complex dielectric constant and its physical meaning. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers–Kronig relations. Lorentz oscillator model. Drude theory of the optical properties of free carriers. Plasma oscillations. Classical model of the dielectric constant. Interband transitions: direct transitions. Joint density of states and critical points. Dielectric function of germanium and graphite. Indirect interband transitions. Excitonic effects. Optical-phonon absorption.
Magnetic Properties of Matter
Motion of free electrons and Bloch electrons in a magnetic field. Quantum-mechanical treatment and Landau levels.
Magnetic susceptibility. Paramagnetism and diamagnetism. Larmor diamagnetism. Origin of the atomic magnetic moment and Hund’s rules. Crystal-field effects in solids. Curie law of paramagnetism. Van Vleck and Pauli paramagnetism. Landau diamagnetism. Mean-field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie–Weiss law. Antiferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and the Heisenberg model. Microscopic interpretation of the Weiss field. Dipolar interactions and magnetic domains.
Low-Dimensional Systems
Effective-mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors. Heterojunctions and heterostructures. Electronic states and density of states in quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots. Metal–semiconductor junctions. Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG): characteristic length scales for transport in low-dimensional systems. Ballistic transport and conductance quantization in one-dimensional systems.
Quantum Hall effect. Resonant tunneling diode. Optical properties of low-dimensional systems.
Core Documentation
Ashcroft-Mermin: "Solid State Physics"Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Type of delivery of the course
Lectures . The details of the mathematical calculations will be performed on the black-board. Some topics will be shown by projecting slides and reporting examples taken from recent scientific literature as an example.Attendance
Attendance is strongly recommended but not mandatoryType of evaluation
final oral examination. The examination consists in 2-3 questions on the topics of the course. The student should demonstrate his capability in putting the requested topic in a more general frame as well as to perform mathematical calculations teacher profile teaching materials
Electronic properties of solids
Reminds on band structure calculation methods. Band structure of III-V and IV semiconductors. Band structures and Fermi surfaces of selected metals. Effective mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors.
Transport properties
The Drude Model. Semiclassical equations of transport. Boltzmann equation. Electron phonon interaction. Relaxation time approximation. Electrical conductivity in the relaxation time approximation. Thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity. Drift and diffusion currents. Generation and recombination of electron-hole pairs in semiconductors. Continuity equation. Recombination times and diffusion length. Current voltage characteristics of the p-n junction.
Optical properties
Maxwell Equations in solids. Complex Dielectric Constant. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers Kronig Relations. Lorentz Oscillator. The Drude theory of the optical properties of metals. Optical properties of semiconductors and insulators. Direct interband transitions and critical points. Optical constants of Ge and Graphite. Absorption from impurity levels. Exciton effects. Indirect phonon-assisted transitions. Spontaneous and stimulated Emission, Photoluminescence, Electroluminesce, optical gain. Semiconductor diode laser.
Magnetic properties of matter.
Energy levels and density of states of a free electron gas in a magnetic field. Filling of Landau levels as a function of the magnetic field. Magneto-transport.
Quantum mechanical treatment of magnetic susceptibility. Pauli paramagnetism. Magnetic susceptibility of closed-shell systems. Permanent magnetic dipoles in atoms and ions with partially filled shells. Paramagnetism of localized magnetic moments. Curie law. Van Vleck paramagnetism, Pauli paramagnetism and Landau diamagnetism. Magnetic ordering in crystals. Mean field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie-Weiss law. Anti-Ferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and Heisemberg model. Microscopic origin of the coupling between localized magnetic moments. Dipolar interaction and magnetic domains.
Section 2- Program
Heterojunctions and heterostructures. 2, 1, -0 dimensional systems: electronic states and density of states. 2 dimensional electron gases. Characteristics lengths for the electrical transport in low dimensional systems. Resonant tunnel diode. Aharonov-Bohm effect. Balistic transport and conductance quantization in 1D systems. 2D gas in a magnetic field: Shuinikov-de-Haas oscillations and quantum Hall effect. Single electron tunneling and coulomb blockade effects. Single electron transistor. Semiconductor qu-bits for quantum computing (brief).
Optical properties of nanostructures: interband and intersubband transitions in quantum wells. Nanostructures for light-emitters: heterostructure LED and lasers, quantum cascade lasers (brief).
Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Mutuazione: 20410711 Fisica dei Solidi e delle Nanostrutture - MOD A in Fisica LM-17 R DE SETA MONICA, DI GASPARE LUCIANA
Programme
Section 1 ProgramElectronic properties of solids
Reminds on band structure calculation methods. Band structure of III-V and IV semiconductors. Band structures and Fermi surfaces of selected metals. Effective mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors.
Transport properties
The Drude Model. Semiclassical equations of transport. Boltzmann equation. Electron phonon interaction. Relaxation time approximation. Electrical conductivity in the relaxation time approximation. Thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity. Drift and diffusion currents. Generation and recombination of electron-hole pairs in semiconductors. Continuity equation. Recombination times and diffusion length. Current voltage characteristics of the p-n junction.
Optical properties
Maxwell Equations in solids. Complex Dielectric Constant. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers Kronig Relations. Lorentz Oscillator. The Drude theory of the optical properties of metals. Optical properties of semiconductors and insulators. Direct interband transitions and critical points. Optical constants of Ge and Graphite. Absorption from impurity levels. Exciton effects. Indirect phonon-assisted transitions. Spontaneous and stimulated Emission, Photoluminescence, Electroluminesce, optical gain. Semiconductor diode laser.
Magnetic properties of matter.
Energy levels and density of states of a free electron gas in a magnetic field. Filling of Landau levels as a function of the magnetic field. Magneto-transport.
Quantum mechanical treatment of magnetic susceptibility. Pauli paramagnetism. Magnetic susceptibility of closed-shell systems. Permanent magnetic dipoles in atoms and ions with partially filled shells. Paramagnetism of localized magnetic moments. Curie law. Van Vleck paramagnetism, Pauli paramagnetism and Landau diamagnetism. Magnetic ordering in crystals. Mean field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie-Weiss law. Anti-Ferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and Heisemberg model. Microscopic origin of the coupling between localized magnetic moments. Dipolar interaction and magnetic domains.
Section 2- Program
Heterojunctions and heterostructures. 2, 1, -0 dimensional systems: electronic states and density of states. 2 dimensional electron gases. Characteristics lengths for the electrical transport in low dimensional systems. Resonant tunnel diode. Aharonov-Bohm effect. Balistic transport and conductance quantization in 1D systems. 2D gas in a magnetic field: Shuinikov-de-Haas oscillations and quantum Hall effect. Single electron tunneling and coulomb blockade effects. Single electron transistor. Semiconductor qu-bits for quantum computing (brief).
Optical properties of nanostructures: interband and intersubband transitions in quantum wells. Nanostructures for light-emitters: heterostructure LED and lasers, quantum cascade lasers (brief).
Core Documentation
Ashcroft-Mermin: "Solid State Physics"Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Type of delivery of the course
Lectures . The details of the mathematical calculations will be performed on the black-board. Some topics will be shown by projecting slides and reporting examples taken from recent scientific literature as an example. In the case of an extension of the health emergency from COVID-19, all the provisions governing the methods of carrying out the teaching activities and students' evaluation will be implemented. In particular, the following methods are applied: “ lessons in wen seminar using the Teams platform”.Attendance
Attending classes is highly recommendedType of evaluation
final oral examination. The examination consists in 2-3 questions on the topics of the course. The student should demonstrate his capability in putting the requested topic in a more general frame as well as to perform mathematical calculations teacher profile teaching materials
Review of band structure calculations in solids. Electronic band structures of III–V and group-IV semiconductors. Electronic bands and Fermi surfaces of alkali metals, noble metals, simple divalent and trivalent metals, and transition metals.
Transport Properties
Review of the Drude model. Semiclassical equations of motion. Boltzmann transport equation. Electron–phonon interaction. Relaxation-time approximation. Electrical conductivity within the relaxation-time approximation. Thermoelectric power and electronic thermal conductivity. Diffusion and drift currents. Continuity equation and generation–recombination processes in semiconductors. Recombination time and diffusion length. Non-equilibrium p–n junctions.
Optical Properties
Maxwell’s equations in solids. Complex dielectric constant and its physical meaning. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers–Kronig relations. Lorentz oscillator model. Drude theory of the optical properties of free carriers. Plasma oscillations. Classical model of the dielectric constant. Interband transitions: direct transitions. Joint density of states and critical points. Dielectric function of germanium and graphite. Indirect interband transitions. Excitonic effects. Optical-phonon absorption.
Magnetic Properties of Matter
Motion of free electrons and Bloch electrons in a magnetic field. Quantum-mechanical treatment and Landau levels.
Magnetic susceptibility. Paramagnetism and diamagnetism. Larmor diamagnetism. Origin of the atomic magnetic moment and Hund’s rules. Crystal-field effects in solids. Curie law of paramagnetism. Van Vleck and Pauli paramagnetism. Landau diamagnetism. Mean-field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie–Weiss law. Antiferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and the Heisenberg model. Microscopic interpretation of the Weiss field. Dipolar interactions and magnetic domains.
Low-Dimensional Systems
Effective-mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors. Heterojunctions and heterostructures. Electronic states and density of states in quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots. Metal–semiconductor junctions. Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG): characteristic length scales for transport in low-dimensional systems. Ballistic transport and conductance quantization in one-dimensional systems.
Quantum Hall effect. Resonant tunneling diode. Optical properties of low-dimensional systems.
Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Mutuazione: 20410711 Fisica dei Solidi e delle Nanostrutture - MOD A in Fisica LM-17 R DE SETA MONICA, DI GASPARE LUCIANA
Programme
Electronic Band Structure in SolidsReview of band structure calculations in solids. Electronic band structures of III–V and group-IV semiconductors. Electronic bands and Fermi surfaces of alkali metals, noble metals, simple divalent and trivalent metals, and transition metals.
Transport Properties
Review of the Drude model. Semiclassical equations of motion. Boltzmann transport equation. Electron–phonon interaction. Relaxation-time approximation. Electrical conductivity within the relaxation-time approximation. Thermoelectric power and electronic thermal conductivity. Diffusion and drift currents. Continuity equation and generation–recombination processes in semiconductors. Recombination time and diffusion length. Non-equilibrium p–n junctions.
Optical Properties
Maxwell’s equations in solids. Complex dielectric constant and its physical meaning. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers–Kronig relations. Lorentz oscillator model. Drude theory of the optical properties of free carriers. Plasma oscillations. Classical model of the dielectric constant. Interband transitions: direct transitions. Joint density of states and critical points. Dielectric function of germanium and graphite. Indirect interband transitions. Excitonic effects. Optical-phonon absorption.
Magnetic Properties of Matter
Motion of free electrons and Bloch electrons in a magnetic field. Quantum-mechanical treatment and Landau levels.
Magnetic susceptibility. Paramagnetism and diamagnetism. Larmor diamagnetism. Origin of the atomic magnetic moment and Hund’s rules. Crystal-field effects in solids. Curie law of paramagnetism. Van Vleck and Pauli paramagnetism. Landau diamagnetism. Mean-field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie–Weiss law. Antiferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and the Heisenberg model. Microscopic interpretation of the Weiss field. Dipolar interactions and magnetic domains.
Low-Dimensional Systems
Effective-mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors. Heterojunctions and heterostructures. Electronic states and density of states in quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots. Metal–semiconductor junctions. Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG): characteristic length scales for transport in low-dimensional systems. Ballistic transport and conductance quantization in one-dimensional systems.
Quantum Hall effect. Resonant tunneling diode. Optical properties of low-dimensional systems.
Core Documentation
Ashcroft-Mermin: "Solid State Physics"Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Type of delivery of the course
Lectures . The details of the mathematical calculations will be performed on the black-board. Some topics will be shown by projecting slides and reporting examples taken from recent scientific literature as an example.Attendance
Attendance is strongly recommended but not mandatoryType of evaluation
final oral examination. The examination consists in 2-3 questions on the topics of the course. The student should demonstrate his capability in putting the requested topic in a more general frame as well as to perform mathematical calculations teacher profile teaching materials
Electronic properties of solids
Reminds on band structure calculation methods. Band structure of III-V and IV semiconductors. Band structures and Fermi surfaces of selected metals. Effective mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors.
Transport properties
The Drude Model. Semiclassical equations of transport. Boltzmann equation. Electron phonon interaction. Relaxation time approximation. Electrical conductivity in the relaxation time approximation. Thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity. Drift and diffusion currents. Generation and recombination of electron-hole pairs in semiconductors. Continuity equation. Recombination times and diffusion length. Current voltage characteristics of the p-n junction.
Optical properties
Maxwell Equations in solids. Complex Dielectric Constant. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers Kronig Relations. Lorentz Oscillator. The Drude theory of the optical properties of metals. Optical properties of semiconductors and insulators. Direct interband transitions and critical points. Optical constants of Ge and Graphite. Absorption from impurity levels. Exciton effects. Indirect phonon-assisted transitions. Spontaneous and stimulated Emission, Photoluminescence, Electroluminesce, optical gain. Semiconductor diode laser.
Magnetic properties of matter.
Energy levels and density of states of a free electron gas in a magnetic field. Filling of Landau levels as a function of the magnetic field. Magneto-transport.
Quantum mechanical treatment of magnetic susceptibility. Pauli paramagnetism. Magnetic susceptibility of closed-shell systems. Permanent magnetic dipoles in atoms and ions with partially filled shells. Paramagnetism of localized magnetic moments. Curie law. Van Vleck paramagnetism, Pauli paramagnetism and Landau diamagnetism. Magnetic ordering in crystals. Mean field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie-Weiss law. Anti-Ferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and Heisemberg model. Microscopic origin of the coupling between localized magnetic moments. Dipolar interaction and magnetic domains.
Section 2- Program
Heterojunctions and heterostructures. 2, 1, -0 dimensional systems: electronic states and density of states. 2 dimensional electron gases. Characteristics lengths for the electrical transport in low dimensional systems. Resonant tunnel diode. Aharonov-Bohm effect. Balistic transport and conductance quantization in 1D systems. 2D gas in a magnetic field: Shuinikov-de-Haas oscillations and quantum Hall effect. Single electron tunneling and coulomb blockade effects. Single electron transistor. Semiconductor qu-bits for quantum computing (brief).
Optical properties of nanostructures: interband and intersubband transitions in quantum wells. Nanostructures for light-emitters: heterostructure LED and lasers, quantum cascade lasers (brief).
Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Mutuazione: 20410711 Fisica dei Solidi e delle Nanostrutture - MOD A in Fisica LM-17 R DE SETA MONICA, DI GASPARE LUCIANA
Programme
Section 1 ProgramElectronic properties of solids
Reminds on band structure calculation methods. Band structure of III-V and IV semiconductors. Band structures and Fermi surfaces of selected metals. Effective mass approximation. Impurity levels in doped semiconductors.
Transport properties
The Drude Model. Semiclassical equations of transport. Boltzmann equation. Electron phonon interaction. Relaxation time approximation. Electrical conductivity in the relaxation time approximation. Thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity. Drift and diffusion currents. Generation and recombination of electron-hole pairs in semiconductors. Continuity equation. Recombination times and diffusion length. Current voltage characteristics of the p-n junction.
Optical properties
Maxwell Equations in solids. Complex Dielectric Constant. Absorption and reflection coefficients. Kramers Kronig Relations. Lorentz Oscillator. The Drude theory of the optical properties of metals. Optical properties of semiconductors and insulators. Direct interband transitions and critical points. Optical constants of Ge and Graphite. Absorption from impurity levels. Exciton effects. Indirect phonon-assisted transitions. Spontaneous and stimulated Emission, Photoluminescence, Electroluminesce, optical gain. Semiconductor diode laser.
Magnetic properties of matter.
Energy levels and density of states of a free electron gas in a magnetic field. Filling of Landau levels as a function of the magnetic field. Magneto-transport.
Quantum mechanical treatment of magnetic susceptibility. Pauli paramagnetism. Magnetic susceptibility of closed-shell systems. Permanent magnetic dipoles in atoms and ions with partially filled shells. Paramagnetism of localized magnetic moments. Curie law. Van Vleck paramagnetism, Pauli paramagnetism and Landau diamagnetism. Magnetic ordering in crystals. Mean field theory of ferromagnetism: Weiss model. Curie-Weiss law. Anti-Ferromagnetism. Exchange interaction and Heisemberg model. Microscopic origin of the coupling between localized magnetic moments. Dipolar interaction and magnetic domains.
Section 2- Program
Heterojunctions and heterostructures. 2, 1, -0 dimensional systems: electronic states and density of states. 2 dimensional electron gases. Characteristics lengths for the electrical transport in low dimensional systems. Resonant tunnel diode. Aharonov-Bohm effect. Balistic transport and conductance quantization in 1D systems. 2D gas in a magnetic field: Shuinikov-de-Haas oscillations and quantum Hall effect. Single electron tunneling and coulomb blockade effects. Single electron transistor. Semiconductor qu-bits for quantum computing (brief).
Optical properties of nanostructures: interband and intersubband transitions in quantum wells. Nanostructures for light-emitters: heterostructure LED and lasers, quantum cascade lasers (brief).
Core Documentation
Ashcroft-Mermin: "Solid State Physics"Grosso-Pastori-Parravicini: "Solid State Physics"
Datta s.: Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems [Cambridge university press ]
Davies j. H. : The physics of low dimensional semiconductors [Cambridge university press)
Type of delivery of the course
Lectures . The details of the mathematical calculations will be performed on the black-board. Some topics will be shown by projecting slides and reporting examples taken from recent scientific literature as an example. In the case of an extension of the health emergency from COVID-19, all the provisions governing the methods of carrying out the teaching activities and students' evaluation will be implemented. In particular, the following methods are applied: “ lessons in wen seminar using the Teams platform”.Attendance
Attending classes is highly recommendedType of evaluation
final oral examination. The examination consists in 2-3 questions on the topics of the course. The student should demonstrate his capability in putting the requested topic in a more general frame as well as to perform mathematical calculations