The course "Moral Philosophy: Origins and Moral Theories" aims to provide students with a critical and in-depth understanding of the foundations of ethical reflection, through the historical and conceptual analysis of major moral theories. Its goal is to develop the ability to recognize and assess the various conceptions of the good, duty, and responsibility that have shaped Western thought, from its Greek origins to contemporary philosophy. By studying authors and movements such as Aristotle, Christian thought, Kantian ethics, and utilitarianism, students will be guided in acquiring theoretical tools to navigate moral debates and to critically reflect on the normative assumptions that underlie both individual and collective choices. The course also seeks to foster a philosophical awareness of the ethical dimension of human action, strengthening students' argumentative and interpretive skills in preparation for rigorous engagement with complex moral issues.