The students will learn how to apply the principles of physics to study the interior of the Earth. The course provides a general introduction to main applied geophysical methods and to their interpretation for engineering/environmental and archaeological purposes.
Curriculum
teacher profile teaching materials
Analysis of geophysical measurements: concepts of continuous and discrete signals, signal analysis: Fourier analysis, convolution and de-convolution, aliasing.
Gravimetry: historical background and geodey: universal law of gravitation, Laplace eq. and spherical harmonics, the gravitational potential, Mac Cullagh formula the geoid and reference ellipsoid, geoid anomalies, isostasy.
gravimetric surveys: measrurements of absolute and relative gravity (gravimeters), survey pianification, corrections: instrumental drift, free-air, Bouguer and topography corrections. Bouguer and free-air anomalies. Data analysis and interpretation: filters, non-uniqueness of data inversion, anomaliees of simple geometric shapes (sphere, etc.), practical examples
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Gravimetry: practical part: elaboration in matlab of a software for the forward calculation of gravity anomalies due to point-masses.
Seismics: Introduction to waves and vibrations, Eq. of D’Alembert, harmonic solution, seismic waves: review of elasticity: stress and strain , eq. of motion and seismic eq., P and S. waves Fermat principle: reflection and refractions models.
Reflection sesimics: travel times, normal-move-out, surveys: acquisition, elaboration and interpretation (include concepts of horizontal and vertical resolution).
Refraction seismics: travel times of bi-rifracted waves, delay time, sistems at n layers, inclined layer, concept of apparent velocity, calcolus of thickness and depth of the layers.Geophones and seismographs
MASW: theory of surface waves: how they generate and types: Rayleigh e Love, dispersion, example of MASW (i.e. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) : reconstruction of dispersion curve, interpretation by means of data inversion.
Site effects: technique of spectral ratios: basic concepts of wave amplification, notions on seismic noise and Nakamura technique.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Geoelectrics: Coulomb law, current density, definition of electric field, Ohm's law, electric conductivity of materials and polarizzation of dielectric materials, Archie's law, arrays: Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole. Surveys: applied examples, vertical electric sounding (VES), pseudosection, concept of apparent resistivity, interpretation, basic notions on induced polariztion method and self-potential method.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Inverse problems: introduction of data inversion: overdetermined and underdetermined problems, least-squares method and generalized inverse, data weighting, norm, data fit and model complexity. Concepth of non-uniqueness, non-linear approach (basic notions). Example of earthquake location and travel-time tomography
Tutorial on geoelectric inversion
Experimental field acuisition and data analysis in the laboratory of Geophysics
- An introduction to Geophysical Exploration: Keary, Brooks e Hill, Blackwell ed.,
- Fundamental of Geophysics, Lowrie, Cambridge ed.
Programme
Introduction to Applied Geophysics: presentation of the course, historical background, applications, mathematical background: scalar and vectorial operations, divergencd, curl, gradient, matrix algebra.Analysis of geophysical measurements: concepts of continuous and discrete signals, signal analysis: Fourier analysis, convolution and de-convolution, aliasing.
Gravimetry: historical background and geodey: universal law of gravitation, Laplace eq. and spherical harmonics, the gravitational potential, Mac Cullagh formula the geoid and reference ellipsoid, geoid anomalies, isostasy.
gravimetric surveys: measrurements of absolute and relative gravity (gravimeters), survey pianification, corrections: instrumental drift, free-air, Bouguer and topography corrections. Bouguer and free-air anomalies. Data analysis and interpretation: filters, non-uniqueness of data inversion, anomaliees of simple geometric shapes (sphere, etc.), practical examples
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Gravimetry: practical part: elaboration in matlab of a software for the forward calculation of gravity anomalies due to point-masses.
Seismics: Introduction to waves and vibrations, Eq. of D’Alembert, harmonic solution, seismic waves: review of elasticity: stress and strain , eq. of motion and seismic eq., P and S. waves Fermat principle: reflection and refractions models.
Reflection sesimics: travel times, normal-move-out, surveys: acquisition, elaboration and interpretation (include concepts of horizontal and vertical resolution).
Refraction seismics: travel times of bi-rifracted waves, delay time, sistems at n layers, inclined layer, concept of apparent velocity, calcolus of thickness and depth of the layers.Geophones and seismographs
MASW: theory of surface waves: how they generate and types: Rayleigh e Love, dispersion, example of MASW (i.e. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) : reconstruction of dispersion curve, interpretation by means of data inversion.
Site effects: technique of spectral ratios: basic concepts of wave amplification, notions on seismic noise and Nakamura technique.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Geoelectrics: Coulomb law, current density, definition of electric field, Ohm's law, electric conductivity of materials and polarizzation of dielectric materials, Archie's law, arrays: Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole. Surveys: applied examples, vertical electric sounding (VES), pseudosection, concept of apparent resistivity, interpretation, basic notions on induced polariztion method and self-potential method.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Inverse problems: introduction of data inversion: overdetermined and underdetermined problems, least-squares method and generalized inverse, data weighting, norm, data fit and model complexity. Concepth of non-uniqueness, non-linear approach (basic notions). Example of earthquake location and travel-time tomography
Tutorial on geoelectric inversion
Experimental field acuisition and data analysis in the laboratory of Geophysics
Core Documentation
- Lectures in Italian about: Piersanti, Della Monica, Cammarano- An introduction to Geophysical Exploration: Keary, Brooks e Hill, Blackwell ed.,
- Fundamental of Geophysics, Lowrie, Cambridge ed.
Reference Bibliography
Slides and additional lecture notes will be distribuited during the courseType of delivery of the course
The lectures could be held remotely if requested by sanitary emergency.Attendance
The attendance to the lectures and practical part is mandatoryType of evaluation
The oral exam will assess the students's skill on both theoretical and practical aspects of applied geophysics surveys teacher profile teaching materials
Analysis of geophysical measurements: concepts of continuous and discrete signals, signal analysis: Fourier analysis, convolution and de-convolution, aliasing.
Gravimetry: historical background and geodey: universal law of gravitation, Laplace eq. and spherical harmonics, the gravitational potential, Mac Cullagh formula the geoid and reference ellipsoid, geoid anomalies, isostasy.
gravimetric surveys: measrurements of absolute and relative gravity (gravimeters), survey pianification, corrections: instrumental drift, free-air, Bouguer and topography corrections. Bouguer and free-air anomalies. Data analysis and interpretation: filters, non-uniqueness of data inversion, anomaliees of simple geometric shapes (sphere, etc.), practical examples
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Gravimetry: practical part: elaboration in matlab of a software for the forward calculation of gravity anomalies due to point-masses.
Seismics: Introduction to waves and vibrations, Eq. of D’Alembert, harmonic solution, seismic waves: review of elasticity: stress and strain , eq. of motion and seismic eq., P and S. waves Fermat principle: reflection and refractions models.
Reflection sesimics: travel times, normal-move-out, surveys: acquisition, elaboration and interpretation (include concepts of horizontal and vertical resolution).
Refraction seismics: travel times of bi-rifracted waves, delay time, sistems at n layers, inclined layer, concept of apparent velocity, calcolus of thickness and depth of the layers.Geophones and seismographs
MASW: theory of surface waves: how they generate and types: Rayleigh e Love, dispersion, example of MASW (i.e. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) : reconstruction of dispersion curve, interpretation by means of data inversion.
Site effects: technique of spectral ratios: basic concepts of wave amplification, notions on seismic noise and Nakamura technique.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Geoelectrics: Coulomb law, current density, definition of electric field, Ohm's law, electric conductivity of materials and polarizzation of dielectric materials, Archie's law, arrays: Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole. Surveys: applied examples, vertical electric sounding (VES), pseudosection, concept of apparent resistivity, interpretation, basic notions on induced polariztion method and self-potential method.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Inverse problems: introduction of data inversion: overdetermined and underdetermined problems, least-squares method and generalized inverse, data weighting, norm, data fit and model complexity. Concepth of non-uniqueness, non-linear approach (basic notions). Example of earthquake location and travel-time tomography
Tutorial on geoelectric inversion
Experimental field acuisition and data analysis in the laboratory of Geophysics
- An introduction to Geophysical Exploration: Keary, Brooks e Hill, Blackwell ed.,
- Fundamental of Geophysics, Lowrie, Cambridge ed.
Programme
Introduction to Applied Geophysics: presentation of the course, historical background, applications, mathematical background: scalar and vectorial operations, divergencd, curl, gradient, matrix algebra.Analysis of geophysical measurements: concepts of continuous and discrete signals, signal analysis: Fourier analysis, convolution and de-convolution, aliasing.
Gravimetry: historical background and geodey: universal law of gravitation, Laplace eq. and spherical harmonics, the gravitational potential, Mac Cullagh formula the geoid and reference ellipsoid, geoid anomalies, isostasy.
gravimetric surveys: measrurements of absolute and relative gravity (gravimeters), survey pianification, corrections: instrumental drift, free-air, Bouguer and topography corrections. Bouguer and free-air anomalies. Data analysis and interpretation: filters, non-uniqueness of data inversion, anomaliees of simple geometric shapes (sphere, etc.), practical examples
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Gravimetry: practical part: elaboration in matlab of a software for the forward calculation of gravity anomalies due to point-masses.
Seismics: Introduction to waves and vibrations, Eq. of D’Alembert, harmonic solution, seismic waves: review of elasticity: stress and strain , eq. of motion and seismic eq., P and S. waves Fermat principle: reflection and refractions models.
Reflection sesimics: travel times, normal-move-out, surveys: acquisition, elaboration and interpretation (include concepts of horizontal and vertical resolution).
Refraction seismics: travel times of bi-rifracted waves, delay time, sistems at n layers, inclined layer, concept of apparent velocity, calcolus of thickness and depth of the layers.Geophones and seismographs
MASW: theory of surface waves: how they generate and types: Rayleigh e Love, dispersion, example of MASW (i.e. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) : reconstruction of dispersion curve, interpretation by means of data inversion.
Site effects: technique of spectral ratios: basic concepts of wave amplification, notions on seismic noise and Nakamura technique.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Geoelectrics: Coulomb law, current density, definition of electric field, Ohm's law, electric conductivity of materials and polarizzation of dielectric materials, Archie's law, arrays: Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole. Surveys: applied examples, vertical electric sounding (VES), pseudosection, concept of apparent resistivity, interpretation, basic notions on induced polariztion method and self-potential method.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Inverse problems: introduction of data inversion: overdetermined and underdetermined problems, least-squares method and generalized inverse, data weighting, norm, data fit and model complexity. Concepth of non-uniqueness, non-linear approach (basic notions). Example of earthquake location and travel-time tomography
Tutorial on geoelectric inversion
Experimental field acuisition and data analysis in the laboratory of Geophysics
Core Documentation
- Lectures in Italian about: Piersanti, Della Monica, Cammarano- An introduction to Geophysical Exploration: Keary, Brooks e Hill, Blackwell ed.,
- Fundamental of Geophysics, Lowrie, Cambridge ed.
Reference Bibliography
Slides and additional lecture notes will be distribuited during the courseType of delivery of the course
The lectures could be held remotely if requested by sanitary emergency.Attendance
The attendance to the lectures and practical part is mandatoryType of evaluation
The oral exam will assess the students's skill on both theoretical and practical aspects of applied geophysics surveys teacher profile teaching materials
Analysis of geophysical measurements: concepts of continuous and discrete signals, signal analysis: Fourier analysis, convolution and de-convolution, aliasing.
Gravimetry: historical background and geodey: universal law of gravitation, Laplace eq. and spherical harmonics, the gravitational potential, Mac Cullagh formula the geoid and reference ellipsoid, geoid anomalies, isostasy.
gravimetric surveys: measrurements of absolute and relative gravity (gravimeters), survey pianification, corrections: instrumental drift, free-air, Bouguer and topography corrections. Bouguer and free-air anomalies. Data analysis and interpretation: filters, non-uniqueness of data inversion, anomaliees of simple geometric shapes (sphere, etc.), practical examples
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Gravimetry: practical part: elaboration in matlab of a software for the forward calculation of gravity anomalies due to point-masses.
Seismics: Introduction to waves and vibrations, Eq. of D’Alembert, harmonic solution, seismic waves: review of elasticity: stress and strain , eq. of motion and seismic eq., P and S. waves Fermat principle: reflection and refractions models.
Reflection sesimics: travel times, normal-move-out, surveys: acquisition, elaboration and interpretation (include concepts of horizontal and vertical resolution).
Refraction seismics: travel times of bi-rifracted waves, delay time, sistems at n layers, inclined layer, concept of apparent velocity, calcolus of thickness and depth of the layers.Geophones and seismographs
MASW: theory of surface waves: how they generate and types: Rayleigh e Love, dispersion, example of MASW (i.e. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) : reconstruction of dispersion curve, interpretation by means of data inversion.
Site effects: technique of spectral ratios: basic concepts of wave amplification, notions on seismic noise and Nakamura technique.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Geoelectrics: Coulomb law, current density, definition of electric field, Ohm's law, electric conductivity of materials and polarizzation of dielectric materials, Archie's law, arrays: Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole. Surveys: applied examples, vertical electric sounding (VES), pseudosection, concept of apparent resistivity, interpretation, basic notions on induced polariztion method and self-potential method.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Inverse problems: introduction of data inversion: overdetermined and underdetermined problems, least-squares method and generalized inverse, data weighting, norm, data fit and model complexity. Concepth of non-uniqueness, non-linear approach (basic notions). Example of earthquake location and travel-time tomography
Tutorial on geoelectric inversion
Experimental field acuisition and data analysis in the laboratory of Geophysics
- An introduction to Geophysical Exploration: Keary, Brooks e Hill, Blackwell ed.,
- Fundamental of Geophysics, Lowrie, Cambridge ed.
Programme
Introduction to Applied Geophysics: presentation of the course, historical background, applications, mathematical background: scalar and vectorial operations, divergencd, curl, gradient, matrix algebra.Analysis of geophysical measurements: concepts of continuous and discrete signals, signal analysis: Fourier analysis, convolution and de-convolution, aliasing.
Gravimetry: historical background and geodey: universal law of gravitation, Laplace eq. and spherical harmonics, the gravitational potential, Mac Cullagh formula the geoid and reference ellipsoid, geoid anomalies, isostasy.
gravimetric surveys: measrurements of absolute and relative gravity (gravimeters), survey pianification, corrections: instrumental drift, free-air, Bouguer and topography corrections. Bouguer and free-air anomalies. Data analysis and interpretation: filters, non-uniqueness of data inversion, anomaliees of simple geometric shapes (sphere, etc.), practical examples
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Gravimetry: practical part: elaboration in matlab of a software for the forward calculation of gravity anomalies due to point-masses.
Seismics: Introduction to waves and vibrations, Eq. of D’Alembert, harmonic solution, seismic waves: review of elasticity: stress and strain , eq. of motion and seismic eq., P and S. waves Fermat principle: reflection and refractions models.
Reflection sesimics: travel times, normal-move-out, surveys: acquisition, elaboration and interpretation (include concepts of horizontal and vertical resolution).
Refraction seismics: travel times of bi-rifracted waves, delay time, sistems at n layers, inclined layer, concept of apparent velocity, calcolus of thickness and depth of the layers.Geophones and seismographs
MASW: theory of surface waves: how they generate and types: Rayleigh e Love, dispersion, example of MASW (i.e. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) : reconstruction of dispersion curve, interpretation by means of data inversion.
Site effects: technique of spectral ratios: basic concepts of wave amplification, notions on seismic noise and Nakamura technique.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Geoelectrics: Coulomb law, current density, definition of electric field, Ohm's law, electric conductivity of materials and polarizzation of dielectric materials, Archie's law, arrays: Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole. Surveys: applied examples, vertical electric sounding (VES), pseudosection, concept of apparent resistivity, interpretation, basic notions on induced polariztion method and self-potential method.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Inverse problems: introduction of data inversion: overdetermined and underdetermined problems, least-squares method and generalized inverse, data weighting, norm, data fit and model complexity. Concepth of non-uniqueness, non-linear approach (basic notions). Example of earthquake location and travel-time tomography
Tutorial on geoelectric inversion
Experimental field acuisition and data analysis in the laboratory of Geophysics
Core Documentation
- Lectures in Italian about: Piersanti, Della Monica, Cammarano- An introduction to Geophysical Exploration: Keary, Brooks e Hill, Blackwell ed.,
- Fundamental of Geophysics, Lowrie, Cambridge ed.
Reference Bibliography
Slides and additional lecture notes will be distribuited during the courseType of delivery of the course
The lectures could be held remotely if requested by sanitary emergency.Attendance
The attendance to the lectures and practical part is mandatoryType of evaluation
The oral exam will assess the students's skill on both theoretical and practical aspects of applied geophysics surveys teacher profile teaching materials
Analysis of geophysical measurements: concepts of continuous and discrete signals, signal analysis: Fourier analysis, convolution and de-convolution, aliasing.
Gravimetry: historical background and geodey: universal law of gravitation, Laplace eq. and spherical harmonics, the gravitational potential, Mac Cullagh formula the geoid and reference ellipsoid, geoid anomalies, isostasy.
gravimetric surveys: measrurements of absolute and relative gravity (gravimeters), survey pianification, corrections: instrumental drift, free-air, Bouguer and topography corrections. Bouguer and free-air anomalies. Data analysis and interpretation: filters, non-uniqueness of data inversion, anomaliees of simple geometric shapes (sphere, etc.), practical examples
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Gravimetry: practical part: elaboration in matlab of a software for the forward calculation of gravity anomalies due to point-masses.
Seismics: Introduction to waves and vibrations, Eq. of D’Alembert, harmonic solution, seismic waves: review of elasticity: stress and strain , eq. of motion and seismic eq., P and S. waves Fermat principle: reflection and refractions models.
Reflection sesimics: travel times, normal-move-out, surveys: acquisition, elaboration and interpretation (include concepts of horizontal and vertical resolution).
Refraction seismics: travel times of bi-rifracted waves, delay time, sistems at n layers, inclined layer, concept of apparent velocity, calcolus of thickness and depth of the layers.Geophones and seismographs
MASW: theory of surface waves: how they generate and types: Rayleigh e Love, dispersion, example of MASW (i.e. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) : reconstruction of dispersion curve, interpretation by means of data inversion.
Site effects: technique of spectral ratios: basic concepts of wave amplification, notions on seismic noise and Nakamura technique.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Geoelectrics: Coulomb law, current density, definition of electric field, Ohm's law, electric conductivity of materials and polarizzation of dielectric materials, Archie's law, arrays: Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole. Surveys: applied examples, vertical electric sounding (VES), pseudosection, concept of apparent resistivity, interpretation, basic notions on induced polariztion method and self-potential method.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Inverse problems: introduction of data inversion: overdetermined and underdetermined problems, least-squares method and generalized inverse, data weighting, norm, data fit and model complexity. Concepth of non-uniqueness, non-linear approach (basic notions). Example of earthquake location and travel-time tomography
Tutorial on geoelectric inversion
Experimental field acuisition and data analysis in the laboratory of Geophysics
- An introduction to Geophysical Exploration: Keary, Brooks e Hill, Blackwell ed.,
- Fundamental of Geophysics, Lowrie, Cambridge ed.
Programme
Introduction to Applied Geophysics: presentation of the course, historical background, applications, mathematical background: scalar and vectorial operations, divergencd, curl, gradient, matrix algebra.Analysis of geophysical measurements: concepts of continuous and discrete signals, signal analysis: Fourier analysis, convolution and de-convolution, aliasing.
Gravimetry: historical background and geodey: universal law of gravitation, Laplace eq. and spherical harmonics, the gravitational potential, Mac Cullagh formula the geoid and reference ellipsoid, geoid anomalies, isostasy.
gravimetric surveys: measrurements of absolute and relative gravity (gravimeters), survey pianification, corrections: instrumental drift, free-air, Bouguer and topography corrections. Bouguer and free-air anomalies. Data analysis and interpretation: filters, non-uniqueness of data inversion, anomaliees of simple geometric shapes (sphere, etc.), practical examples
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Gravimetry: practical part: elaboration in matlab of a software for the forward calculation of gravity anomalies due to point-masses.
Seismics: Introduction to waves and vibrations, Eq. of D’Alembert, harmonic solution, seismic waves: review of elasticity: stress and strain , eq. of motion and seismic eq., P and S. waves Fermat principle: reflection and refractions models.
Reflection sesimics: travel times, normal-move-out, surveys: acquisition, elaboration and interpretation (include concepts of horizontal and vertical resolution).
Refraction seismics: travel times of bi-rifracted waves, delay time, sistems at n layers, inclined layer, concept of apparent velocity, calcolus of thickness and depth of the layers.Geophones and seismographs
MASW: theory of surface waves: how they generate and types: Rayleigh e Love, dispersion, example of MASW (i.e. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) : reconstruction of dispersion curve, interpretation by means of data inversion.
Site effects: technique of spectral ratios: basic concepts of wave amplification, notions on seismic noise and Nakamura technique.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Geoelectrics: Coulomb law, current density, definition of electric field, Ohm's law, electric conductivity of materials and polarizzation of dielectric materials, Archie's law, arrays: Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole. Surveys: applied examples, vertical electric sounding (VES), pseudosection, concept of apparent resistivity, interpretation, basic notions on induced polariztion method and self-potential method.
Exercises/questionnaire at home
Inverse problems: introduction of data inversion: overdetermined and underdetermined problems, least-squares method and generalized inverse, data weighting, norm, data fit and model complexity. Concepth of non-uniqueness, non-linear approach (basic notions). Example of earthquake location and travel-time tomography
Tutorial on geoelectric inversion
Experimental field acuisition and data analysis in the laboratory of Geophysics
Core Documentation
- Lectures in Italian about: Piersanti, Della Monica, Cammarano- An introduction to Geophysical Exploration: Keary, Brooks e Hill, Blackwell ed.,
- Fundamental of Geophysics, Lowrie, Cambridge ed.
Reference Bibliography
Slides and additional lecture notes will be distribuited during the courseType of delivery of the course
The lectures could be held remotely if requested by sanitary emergency.Attendance
The attendance to the lectures and practical part is mandatoryType of evaluation
The oral exam will assess the students's skill on both theoretical and practical aspects of applied geophysics surveys