Programme

The course explores the history of the Roman army, with particular attention to its social, economic, and political dimensions. Throughout Roman history, the organization of the army, its integration into the structures of the state and society, and the close interdependence between these institutions made it a key driver of the development of Roman civilization and of Rome's interactions with other peoples. Military service and the demands of warfare also fostered technological innovation, stimulated theoretical reflection, and shaped both conceptual frameworks and broader cultural attitudes. The course will examine how these different factors contributed to the formation of the distinctive features of Roman civilization and to the development of its characteristic social and political institutions.

Attendance

Attendance is expected in person, except in cases permitted under the University regulations. Students who attend at least 70% of the scheduled classes will be considered attending students.

Type of evaluation

The examination aims to assess students’ familiarity with the course content, their ability to construct arguments with reference to both modern scholarship and ancient sources, and their capacity for independent critical thinking regarding the historical issues addressed in the course.

Programme

The course explores the history of the Roman army, with particular attention to its social, economic, and political dimensions. Throughout Roman history, the organization of the army, its integration into the structures of the state and society, and the close interdependence between these institutions made it a key driver of the development of Roman civilization and of Rome's interactions with other peoples. Military service and the demands of warfare also fostered technological innovation, stimulated theoretical reflection, and shaped both conceptual frameworks and broader cultural attitudes. The course will examine how these different factors contributed to the formation of the distinctive features of Roman civilization and to the development of its characteristic social and political institutions.

Attendance

Attendance is expected in person, except in cases permitted under the University regulations. Students who attend at least 70% of the scheduled classes will be considered attending students.

Type of evaluation

The examination aims to assess students’ familiarity with the course content, their ability to construct arguments with reference to both modern scholarship and ancient sources, and their capacity for independent critical thinking regarding the historical issues addressed in the course.