The course aims to provide students with the fundamental knowledge needed to understand humanity’s place in nature within the context of modern evolutionary biology. To this end, by the end of the course, students should be able to demonstrate (a) knowledge of the morphology, physiology, ethology, and cognition of human and non-human primates from a comparative perspective, (b) an appreciation of the adaptive significance of morphological and behavioral variation in human and non-human primates from an ecological perspective, (c) knowledge of the evolution of hominoids (anthropomorphs) in light of the phylogenetic relationships among living and extinct primate groups, and (d) an understanding of the major trends in hominin evolution through the fossil record of the origins of modern humans. The course aims to stimulate students’ critical thinking through the discussion of scientific articles and to introduce students to the central themes of anthropocentrism.