The course aims to provide students with the tools to understand the evolution of environmental issues in contemporary Italy, examining environmental transformations and the responses developed by institutions, the scientific community, civil society, and political actors. Particular attention will be paid to the post-World War II period and to the relationship between environmental debates and the major political and social developments of the twentieth century. By the end of the course, students will be able to assess the role of environmental issues in Italian history and place key environmental challenges within their historical context.